QA Interview Questions And Answers

Top 35+ QA Interview Questions And Answers 2021

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1  What is branch testing and what is boundary testing?

The testing of all the branches of the code, which is tested once, is known as branch testing. While the testing, that is focused on the limit conditions of the software is known as boundary testing.

2 What is Cross-browser testing?

Cross Browser Testing is a type of non-functional test which helps us ensure that our website or web application works as expected in various web browsers. We could do Cross Browser Testing on different browsers both manual and automated way.
To do Cross Browser Testing manually, we (Software Testers) create tests for each browser and execute it manually on each browser. To do it in an automated way, we could create Selenium tests with multiple conditional statements that execute test cases based on a specified browser type.
Every browser displays a website in their own style. We usually cannot have all the browsers on one machine. Each browser is designed by a different vendor.
So each browser has its own features to showcase its unique presence. While testing a website, we need to ensure that our website is appearing the same across all the browsers.
To do this we need to have all the browsers. Fortunately, there are some tools to perform cross-browser testing without testing individually in a manual way.

3 What is the difference between Compatibility testing and Cross browser testing? 

Compatibility testing: Testing an application on different hardware or software platform is Compatibility testing. Example: Different devices such as iPhone, Samsung, etc., Different operating systems such as Windows, Linux, etc.,
Cross-browser testing: Testing a web application on different browsers is Cross-browser testing. Cross-browser testing is a subset of Compatibility testing.
Example: Google Chrome, IE 10, IE 11, Firefox 43, etc.,

4  What is the difference between QA and software testing?

The role of QA (Quality Assurance) is to monitor the quality of the “process” used to produce the software. While software testing is the process of ensuring the functionality of the final product meets the user’s requirement.

5  What is Test ware?

Test ware is test artifacts like test cases, test data, test plans needed to design and execute a test.

6 What is the difference between build and release?

Build: It is a number given to Installable software that is given to the testing team by the development team. Release: It is a number given to Installable software that is handed over to the customer by the tester or developer.

7 What are the automation challenges that SQA(Software Quality Assurance) team faces while testing?

  • Mastering the automation tool
  • Reusability of Automation script
  • The adaptability of the test case for automation
  • Automating complex test cases.

8 What are bug leakage and bug release?

Bug release is when the software or an application is handed over to the testing team knowing that the defect is present in a release. During this, the priority and severity of bug are low, as the bug can be removed before the final handover.
Bug leakage is something when the bug is discovered by the end-users or customer, and not detected by the testing team while testing the software.

9 What is data-driven testing?

Data-driven testing is an automation testing framework, which tests the different input values on the AUT. These values are read directly from the data files. The data files may include CSV files, excel files, data pools and many more.

10 What is Cookie testing?

A cookie is also known as an HTTP cookie, web cookie, internet cookie, browser cookie.

11 What is CRUD testing?

CRUD (Create, Read, Update and Delete) is another term used for Black box testing. CRUD testing is another term for database testing.
C – Create – Creating a new Transaction
R – Read/Retrieve – Searching or viewing a transaction
U – Update – Editing or modifying an existing transaction.
D – Delete – Deleting a transaction from the database of software testing.

12 Explain the steps for Bug Cycle?

  • Once the bug is identified by the tester, it is assigned to the development manager in open status
  • If the bug is a valid defect the development team will fix it.
  • If it is not a valid defect, the defect will be ignored and marked as rejected
  • The next step will be to check whether it is in scope. If the bug is not the part of the current release then the defects are postponed
  • If the defect or bug is raised earlier then the tester will assign a DUPLICATE status
  • When the bug is assigned to the developer to fix, it will be given an IN-PROGRESS status
  • Once the defect is repaired, the status will change to FIXED at the end the tester will give CLOSED status if it passes the final test.

13  What does the test strategy include?

The test strategy includes an introduction, resource, scope and schedule for test activities, test tools, test priorities, test planning and the types of test that has to be performed.

14  Mention the different types of software testing?

  • Unit testing
  • Integration testing and regression testing
  • Shakeout testing
  • Smoke testing
  • Functional testing
  • Performance testing
  • White box and Black box testing
  • Alpha and Beta testing
  • Load testing and stress testing
  • System testing

 

 15 What are the roles and responsibilities of a software quality assurance engineer?

A software quality assurance engineer has to perform the following tasks:
– Understanding of software design
– Knowledge of source code
– Code review
– Version control
– Program testing
– Integration testing
– Release process

16 What does the software QA document should include? 

    • Software QA document should include
    • Specifications
    • Designs
    • Business rules
    • Configurations
    • Code changes
    • Test plans
    • Test cases
    • Bug reports
    • User manuals, etc

1 7 What are MR and ER?

MR: MR stands for Modification Request. It is used to change the existing functionality in software, it is usually requested by clients.
ER: ER stands for Enhancement report. It is used to add a new feature in the software. It is usually requested by clients.

18 What are the contents of test plans and test cases? Testing objectives

  • Testing scope
  • Testing the frame
  • The environment
  • Reason for testing
  • The criteria for entrance and exit
  • Deliverables
  • Risk factors

19 What is Agile testing and what is the importance of Agile testing?

Agile testing is software testing, is testing using Agile Methodology. The importance of this testing is that, unlike the normal testing process, this testing does not wait for the development team to complete the coding first and then doing testing. Coding and testing go simultaneously. It requires continuous customer interaction.

20 What is the Test case?

The test case is a specific condition to check against the Application Under Test. It has information of test steps, prerequisites, test environment, and outputs.

21 What is the strategy for Automation Test Plan?

  • The strategy for Automation Test Plan
  • Preparation of Automation Test Plan
  • Recording the scenario
  • Error handler incorporation
  • Script enhancement by inserting checkpoints and looping constructs
  • Debugging the script and fixing the issues
  • Rerunning the script
  • Reporting the result

22  What is a quality audit?

The systematic and independent examination for determining the effectiveness of quality control procedures is known as the quality audit.

23  What are the tools used by a tester while testing?

  • Selenium
  • Firebug
  • OpenSTA
  • WinSCP
  • YSlow for FireBug
  • Web Developer toolbar for the firebox
  • Above are just sample tools. The tools a Tester may vary with his/her project.

24  Explain stress testing, load testing, and volume testing?

Load Testing: Testing an application under heavy but expected load is known as Load Testing. Here, the load refers to the large volume of users, messages, requests, data, etc.  Stress Testing: When the load placed on the system is raised or accelerated beyond the normal range then it is known as Stress Testing.
Volume Testing: The process of checking the system, whether the system can handle the required amounts of data, user requests, etc. is known as Volume Testing.

25 What are the five common solutions for software development problems?

Setting up the requirements criteria, the requirements of software should be complete, clear and agreed by all The next thing is the realistic schedule like time for planning, designing, testing, fixing bugs and re-testing Adequate testing, start the testing immediately after one or more modules development.
Use rapid prototype during the design phase so that it can be easy for customers to find what to expect Use of group communication tools

26  What is a ‘USE’ case and what does it include?

The document that describes, the user action and system response, for a particular functionality, is known as the USE case. It includes revision history, table of contents, the flow of events, cover page, special requirements, pre-conditions, and post-conditions.

27 What is CRUD testing and how to test CRUD?

CRUD stands for Create, Read, Update and Delete. CRUD testing can be done using SQL statements.

28  What is thread testing?

A thread testing is top-down testing, where the progressive integration of components follows the implementation of subsets of the requirements, as opposed to the integration of components by successively lower levels.

29 What is configuration management?

It is a process to control and document any changes made during the life of a project. Release control, Change control and Revision control are the important aspects of configuration management.

30 What is Ad Hoc testing?

It is a testing phase where the tester tries to break the system by randomly trying the system’s functionality. It can include negative testing as well.

31  List the roles of Software Quality Assurance Engineer?

  • A software quality assurance engineer tasks may include following things amongst others
  • Writing source code
  • Software design
  • Control of source code
  • Reviewing code
  • Change management
  • Configuration management
  • Integration of software
  • Program testing
  • Release management process

32  Explain what are test driver and test stub and why it is required?

  • The stub is called from the software component to be tested. It is used in a top-down approach
  • The driver calls a component to be tested. It is used in the bottom-up approach
  • It is required when we need to test the interface between modules X and Y and we have developed only module X. So we cannot just test module X but if there is any dummy module we can use that dummy module to test module X

33 Explain what is Bug triage?

Bug triage is a process to Ensure bug report completeness Assign and analyze the bug Assigning the bug to proper bug owner Adjust bug severity properly Set appropriate bug priority.

34 List out various tools required to support testing during the development of the application?

To support testing during development of application following tools can be used
  • Test Management Tools: JIRA, Quality Center, etc.
  • Defect Management Tools: Test Director, Bugzilla
  • Project Management Tools: Sharepoint
  • Automation Tools: RFT, QTP, and WinRunner

35  What is a cause-effect graph?

A cause-effect graph is a graphical representation of inputs and the associated outputs effects that can be used to design test cases.

36  What is a Test Metric in software testing and what information does it contain?

In software testing, Test Metric is referred to as the standard of test measurement. They are the statistics narrating the structure or content of testing. It contains information like
  • Total test
  • Test run
  • Test passed
  • Test failed
  • Tests deferred
  • Test passed the first time

37 What is the strategy for a successful Test automation plan?

A successful test automation plan should cover the following aspects.
  • Preparation of Automation Test Plan
  • Recording the scenario
  • Error handler incorporation
  • Script enhancement by inserting checkpoints and looping constructs
  • Debugging the script and fixing the issues
  • Re-running the script
  • Reporting the result.